Plain-English dog answers.
Short answers to the most-asked dog questions, definitions, equipment, training terms, UK law. One question, one page.
How long is a normal dog walk?
There's no single 'right' length, but most adult dogs do well on 30–90 minutes a day, depending on breed, age, and what kind of exercise.
What does 'force-free' training mean?
Force-free training uses positive reinforcement and avoids fear, intimidation, pain or aversive tools. It's the approach recommended by every major UK welfare body.
What does 'reactive dog' mean?
A reactive dog is one that responds to triggers in their environment more strongly than the situation calls for, usually with barking, lunging, or freezing. It's not the same as aggression.
What is a long-line and why use one?
A long-line is a 5–15 metre training lead, typically biothane or webbing, used during recall training and for high-prey-drive dogs.
What is a secure dog field?
A short definition of a secure dog field, what it is, who uses one, and why.
What is a Y-front harness?
A Y-front harness is a non-restrictive dog harness with a strap forming a Y-shape across the front of the chest, allowing free shoulder movement.
What is bite inhibition?
Bite inhibition is a dog's learned ability to control the force of their bite. It's taught in puppyhood and matters lifelong.
What is BOAS surgery?
BOAS surgery is a corrective procedure for Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome, a breathing disorder common in flat-faced breeds.
What is the 5-minute puppy exercise rule?
A long-standing UK puppy guideline: 5 minutes of formal walking per month of age, twice a day, until fully grown.
What is the puppy socialisation window?
The socialisation window is a critical developmental period, roughly 3 to 14 weeks, when puppies are most receptive to new experiences.
What's the difference between Working and Show Cocker Spaniels?
Working and Show Cocker Spaniels share a name and an ancestor, but they're meaningfully different dogs with different needs.
What's the legal lead length in the UK?
There's no universal legal lead length in the UK, but some councils and Highway Code references prescribe specific limits.